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Answer the following questions
This response will be awarded full points automatically, but it can be reviewed and adjusted after submission.
Determine whether the following chains of reasoning are fallacious or not. If so, fix the premises so as to form valid arguments.
Ex. I know that if it is winter, then it will be snowing in Alaska. One year, I stumbled up to Alaska and realized it was snowing, so I reason that it must be winter.
Answer: This reasoning is fallacious, as it may snow in spring or fall in Alaska. This is an example of Affirming the Consequent. To make this a valid argument the first premise would have to be “if it is snowing in Alaska, it must be winter”.
This response will be awarded full points automatically, but it can be reviewed and adjusted after submission.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) All phones are electronic devices.
(2) This computer is not a phone.
(3) Therefore, this computer is not an electronic device.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) All phones are electronic devices.
(2) This computer is not a phone.
(3) Therefore, this computer is not an electronic device.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) Either Kant is a philosopher, or Kant is not a philosopher.
(2) Kant is not a philosopher.
(3) Therefore, Kant is not a philosopher.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) Either Kant is a philosopher, or Kant is not a philosopher.
(2) Kant is not a philosopher.
(3) Therefore, Kant is not a philosopher.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) It’s not the case that both Tom is going to the party and Jim is going to the party.
(2) Tom is going to the party.
(3) Therefore, Jim is not going to the party.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) It’s not the case that both Tom is going to the party and Jim is going to the party.
(2) Tom is going to the party.
(3) Therefore, Jim is not going to the party.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) If John will go to the store, he will not come back for the rest of the day.
(2) John will not come back for the rest of the day.
(3) Therefore, John will go to the store.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) If John will go to the store, he will not come back for the rest of the day.
(2) John will not come back for the rest of the day.
(3) Therefore, John will go to the store.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) If red is a color, then some people see red.
(2) Red is a color.
(3) Therefore, some people see red.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) If red is a color, then some people see red.
(2) Red is a color.
(3) Therefore, some people see red.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) Everything that came through that gate has four wheels.
(2) That cart has four wheels.
(3) Therefore, that cart came through the gate.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) Everything that came through that gate has four wheels.
(2) That cart has four wheels.
(3) Therefore, that cart came through the gate.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example of Affirming the Consequent, Denying the Antecedent, or neither.
(1) If Descartes is a philosopher, then Descartes loves wisdom.
(2) Descartes is not a philosopher.
(3) Therefore, Descartes does not love wisdom.
Determine whether the following syllogism is an example using hypothetical propositions or only categorical propositions.
(1) If Descartes is a philosopher, then Descartes loves wisdom.
(2) Descartes is not a philosopher.
(3) Therefore, Descartes does not love wisdom.
(Challenge Question) Determine whether the following are examples of Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Affirming the Consequent, or Denying the Antecedent. (Hint: First check if the conclusions reached, must be true, due to the information in the premises)
Ex. I know that if my friend does not get a new car, then they won’t be driving. Over the next few years, I realize that they haven’t driven at all, so I reason that they must’ve not gotten a new car.
Answer: Affirming the Consequent
I know that if it gets past 2 a.m., I get very tired. One night, after barely being able to keep my eyes open for a few minutes, I decided to check my phone and saw that it was only 1:59 a.m. I reasoned that there must be some medical problem causing me to struggle to keep my eyes open, as I surely couldn’t’ve been tired at such an early hour.
(Challenge Question) Determine whether the following are examples of Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Affirming the Consequent, or Denying the Antecedent. (Hint: First check if the conclusions reached, must be true, due to the information in the premises)
I know that if my cat is coughing, he’s spitting up a hairball. For three days, I haven’t seen a single hairball, and he is always by my side, so I assume he hasn’t been coughing.
(Challenge Question) Determine whether the following are examples of Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Affirming the Consequent, or Denying the Antecedent. (Hint: First check if the conclusions reached, must be true, due to the information in the premises)
I know that if my friends want to buy the new PlayStation, they will have to save up a lot of money first. Months after this realization, they have saved up a good amount of money, so I assume they must’ve really wanted the new PlayStation.